Categories

Jacar categories — explore the topics A rocket whose eyes follow your cursor.
Software Development

AI editors in 2026: comparison after a year of use

Claude Code leads long-horizon agentic work, Cursor wins for fast daily interactive editing, Aider dominates CI-pipeline automation, and GitHub Copilot fits teams built around GitHub PRs; Windsurf competes with fresh traction. After a year using all five hard, the most productive combination for most people is still Claude Code plus Cursor.

Architecture

Kubernetes 1.35 GA: an operations-side balance sheet

Kubernetes 1.35 GA consolidates three releases of work: native sidecars with full lifecycle management, generalised DRA for FPGAs and NPUs, and a scheduler that cuts resource waste by 15-25% in heterogeneous clusters. An operations-side balance sheet: what to enable now, what to watch before migrating, and what path to follow from 1.30.

Architecture

MCP as multi-vendor standard: patterns already mature

The Model Context Protocol, proposed by Anthropic in late 2024 and adopted through 2025-2026 by Anthropic, OpenAI, Google, and the open-source community, already has proven operational patterns: separating generic servers from custom ones, explicit per-tool policies, credentials kept outside the model, prefixed composition, and contract tests. This is the state of the art in 2026.

Architecture

Hybrid RAG in 2026: the patterns that keep winning

Hybrid RAG in 2026 combines dense and lexical search fused with RRF, cross-encoder reranking over the top-50 candidates, structure-aware chunking, and continuous evaluation with Ragas or TruLens. It is the pattern that survives in serious production systems three years after the initial embeddings boom.

Architecture

Docker Swarm in 2023: When It Still Makes Sense

Kubernetes won the orchestration battle, but Docker Swarm stays maintained inside Docker Engine and makes real sense for small teams without dedicated SRE, self-hosted stacks on 1-5 VPS, and edge mini-clusters. In those contexts, Swarm's minimal learning curve and low operational cost outweigh Kubernetes's advanced features.

Architecture

Consolidated platform engineering: who wins and who gets stuck

Tres años después de que platform engineering se convirtiera en palabra de moda, el polvo ha caído. Unas pocas empresas tienen plataformas internas que de verdad aceleran al desarrollo, muchas montaron un portal Backstage vacío y algunas volvieron a DevOps clásico. Análisis de qué distingue a las que ganaron.

Architecture

Agent-to-agent protocols: the next open layer

With MCP solving the agent-to-tool layer, a parallel problem surfaces: how do two agents from different vendors communicate with each other. Google's Agent2Agent protocol, donated to the Linux Foundation in June 2025, tries to fill that gap with an open standard.

Architecture

Inference routers: choosing a model based on the request

Un enrutador de inferencia decide qué modelo atiende cada petición en función de coste, latencia y complejidad. Bien diseñados reducen la factura de tokens sin que el usuario perciba degradación; mal diseñados introducen fallos sutiles difíciles de depurar.

Architecture

TigerBeetle: a database built for financial transactions

TigerBeetle is a distributed database written in Zig, specialized in one specific kind of workload: high-volume double-entry accounting with strong consistency guarantees. It does not aim to replace Postgres; it aims to be the right tool when the problem is counting financial transactions at millions per second without subtle failures.

Architecture

Platform engineering: consolidation after the boom

After three years of expansion and an overheated ecosystem around the term, platform engineering enters 2025 in a consolidation phase. The internal platforms that survive are the ones that understood their real function; those that mistook the label for the solution are dismantling their teams or cutting them drastically.

Architecture

Citus: scaling Postgres horizontally without leaving it

Tras la adquisición por Microsoft en 2019, Citus vivió un limbo comercial que terminó con Microsoft abriendo el código completo en 2022. Tres años después, la extensión de particionado para Postgres ha madurado y ofrece una ruta práctica para escalar sin abandonar el motor que ya conoces. Un repaso honesto.

Architecture

SQLite in production: patterns that have aged well

SQLite lleva años ganando terreno en servidores reales gracias a WAL, a proyectos como Litestream y libSQL, y a hardware con discos rápidos. Repaso los patrones que siguen funcionando después de varios años de uso, los que no, y por qué el tamaño medio de una aplicación web se come ya sin despeinarse.

Architecture

DuckDB in enterprise analytics: concrete cases

DuckDB has spent two or three years quietly working its way into data architectures. It is no longer just the embedded database for local analytics: in 2025 it keeps turning up in concrete enterprise cases where it replaces far pricier pieces. A tour of the real patterns.

Architecture

Agent OS: the concept shaping the new stack layer

The term Agent OS has spent a year gaining traction across research and product circles. It describes a layer that goes well beyond an agent library: request scheduling, context management, persistent memory, and isolation. A look at the real state of that concept.

Methodologies

User research in the age of generative AI

Los equipos de producto están tentados de sustituir entrevistas y tests reales por síntesis de IA. Dos años de experiencia ya permiten separar dónde la IA ayuda de verdad y dónde genera una falsa sensación de entender al usuario.

Architecture

Kubernetes 1.34: a summary for teams with little time

Kubernetes 1.34 ships with Dynamic Resource Allocation (DRA) graduating to stable, scheduler improvements, and CEL-based mutating admission policies that replace webhooks. A practical rundown of what is safe to upgrade now, what can wait, and what actually changes for teams running production clusters.

Architecture

containerd 2.0 in production: real migrations

Six months after containerd 2.0 reached general availability there is enough real-world mileage to judge the migration from the 1.x branch in production. We cover what changes in the config file, what breaks on Kubernetes and Docker Swarm, and when planning the jump actually pays off.

Architecture

Firecracker: microVMs for multi-tenant services

Firecracker is the Rust-based virtual machine monitor AWS uses in Lambda and Fargate: it boots microVMs in under 125 milliseconds with under 5 MB of overhead. Switching from containers pays off when a shared kernel does not give enough isolation, especially for untrusted LLM agent code, and versus gVisor it wins on I/O performance.

Architecture

Coolify: a self-hosted Vercel on your own infrastructure

Coolify delivers a Vercel- or Heroku-like experience on your own servers: automatic HTTPS, managed databases, and branch previews without per-build or bandwidth fees. After several months using it on production VPS, here is where it shines, where it still has rough edges, and which teams will genuinely benefit from it.

Architecture

Microsoft’s GraphRAG in enterprise: patterns that work

GraphRAG has been in real enterprise use for over a year: during indexing, an LLM builds a knowledge graph that answers global questions about a corpus well, precisely where classic RAG fails because no single chunk holds the full answer. Here I compare indexing costs, the cases where it pays off, and the hybrid pattern that teams have settled on.

Software Development

Full-stack TypeScript in 2025: the good, the meh, the bad

Full-stack TypeScript with Next.js and tRPC removes type duplication between frontend and backend, but it is not a universal answer: Node still falls short on CPU-bound loads, testing remains fragmented, and large projects eventually split apart. It is the best fit for small-to-medium products with agile teams, not for sustained high-performance systems.

Software Development

WASI preview 3: threads and async in WebAssembly

WASI 0.3, also known as preview 3, was ratified on June 11, 2026, adding native asynchronous concurrency to the WebAssembly component model through streams, futures, and async functions. It fixes old fragmentation across languages and runtimes, enables real composition between Wasm services, and paves the way for cooperative threads planned in upcoming 0.3.x releases.

Architecture

Cloudflare Workers in 2025: from edge to enterprise

Cloudflare Workers turned eight in 2025 without slowing down: it now ships D1 for databases, R2 for egress-free storage, Durable Objects for distributed state, and Workers AI for running models without managing GPUs. It remains the fastest option for edge logic; for large in-memory processes or strict global consistency, other platforms fit better.

Software Development

Python 3.12: Incremental Acceleration and Errors That Finally Help

Python 3.12, released in October 2023, brings inline generic syntax through PEP 695, tracebacks that pinpoint the exact error, and an average speedup of around 5% over 3.11 on pyperformance, plus experimental sub-interpreters with their own GIL. Migrating from 3.10 or 3.11 is straightforward: major libraries already ship compatible wheels.

Architecture

Kubernetes 1.30: The Improvements Operators Actually Appreciate

Kubernetes 1.30, released in April 2024, brings ValidatingAdmissionPolicy to general availability, eliminating the need for external webhooks for CEL-based admission policies. It adds pod scheduling readiness to control when a pod enters the scheduling cycle, and job success policy to define which index combination counts as success in distributed indexed Jobs.

Architecture

Kubecost and OpenCost: Native FinOps in Kubernetes

Kubecost and OpenCost map real costs to namespaces, deployments, and labels in Kubernetes. OpenCost, the Apache 2.0 open-source core, covers essentials for free. Kubecost adds multi-cluster visibility and advanced cloud billing. For clusters spending over $5,000/month the ROI is clear: identified savings typically exceed software cost within the first month.

Architecture

Cloudflare Workers in 2024: KV, D1, and the New Edge Stack

Cloudflare Workers is no longer an isolated edge function. In 2024, together with KV, D1, R2, and Durable Objects, it forms a complete platform that matches AWS on latency and drops egress fees, though it still falls short on long-running compute and the mature managed databases AWS offers.

Software Development

Aider: AI for Refactoring from the Terminal

Aider is an open-source CLI that connects your Git repository to an LLM to refactor code, add features and fix bugs without leaving the terminal. Works with GPT-4o, Claude and local models via Ollama. Every change generates an automatic commit with a descriptive message, integrating natively into the Git workflow.

Software Development

Astro and Islands: The Web That Sends Less JavaScript

Astro renders static HTML by default and only ships JavaScript for the interactive islands that actually need it. On blogs, docs and content sites, the bundle drops from 100-200 KB to roughly 5-10 KB versus Next.js SSG or Gatsby. It is the wrong choice for SaaS dashboards or apps with state shared across routes.

Software Development

Rust in Linux: Experimental Drivers Opening the Way

Rust joined Linux mainline in version 6.1 (2022), and by 6.9 (2024) it already ships experimental drivers, including Asahi's GPU driver for Apple Silicon. In C/C++ projects like Chromium, around 70 percent of serious security bugs are memory-safety bugs, the real reason kernel maintainers are debating whether to adopt it.

Software Development

WASI 0.2 GA: Truly Composable WebAssembly

WASI 0.2 reached GA in January 2024, bringing WebAssembly's Component Model into production: typed WIT interfaces that let Rust, Go, and JavaScript code compose without manual glue code. That shift makes edge functions with sub-1 ms cold start, secure plugins, and untrusted-code sandboxing viable today, though it does not replace containers for traditional apps.

Software Development

Remix v2: The React Current Centered on Web Standards

Remix v2 doubles down on native web standards against Next.js App Router. This guide covers what version 2 adds, how it compares to App Router in real projects, and why convergence with React Router 7 expands the project ecosystem for small teams building portable, form-heavy applications.

Architecture

Service Mesh in 2024: Istio Ambient and Cilium Mesh

In 2024, the sidecar-or-not debate has an answer: Istio Ambient Mesh and Cilium Service Mesh bring sidecarless architecture to production, while Linkerd keeps ultra-light Rust sidecars. The right choice depends on your current CNI, the features you need, and the size of your ops team, not on which project wins in the abstract.

Artificial Intelligence

SGLang: Fine Control Over LLM Execution

SGLang adds a Python DSL for controlling LLM generation with constrained decoding, parallel branching, and RadixAttention, the structure that indexes the KV cache as a radix trie to reuse shared prefixes across requests. When that pattern exists, speedups over vLLM reach up to 5 times; without it, the advantage shrinks.

Architecture

Valkey: The Open Fork After Redis’s License Change

Redis moved to dual SSPL/RSAL licensing in March 2024, no longer meeting the OSI open-source definition. Valkey emerged as a BSD 3-Clause fork backed by AWS, Google Cloud, Oracle, and the Linux Foundation, fully protocol-compatible with Redis 7.2. Migrating is almost always trivial: swap the binary or the Docker image.