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The dark factory has been promised for decades, but no documented case does without people. Five cases with date and source, from Fanuc in 2003 to Xiaomi in 2026, what they have in common, where the model breaks and why in Spain the path runs through cobots and robotized cells.
DINOv2 is Meta AI's computer vision model, trained via self-supervision on 142 million images with no human labels. With a simple linear layer on the frozen encoder, it matches or beats supervised models on ImageNet classification, semantic segmentation and monocular depth estimation.
Computer vision is the branch of artificial intelligence that lets machines interpret digital images: detecting objects, segmenting regions and recognising patterns through convolutional neural networks. Since 2012, when AlexNet cut ImageNet classification error to 15.3%, it has spread into manufacturing, medicine, transport and precision agriculture.
