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Architecture

Kafka without ZooKeeper: KRaft in production

To remove ZooKeeper from Kafka you have to go through 3.9. I migrated a three-broker Kafka 3.9.2 ZooKeeper cluster to KRaft in Docker and then upgraded it to Kafka 4.4.0: five phases with rolling restarts, the config and commands for each one, and all 100,000 messages intact at the end.

Architecture

Kafka in 2023: Event Streaming in the Enterprise

Apache Kafka has consolidated in 2023 as the enterprise event backbone thanks to KRaft, now GA and removing the ZooKeeper dependency. The most mature patterns are CDC with Debezium, event sourcing, and stream processing with Kafka Streams or Flink, while Redpanda and Pulsar compete as real alternatives depending on the case.