NIST published the final post-quantum cryptography standards in August 2024. Six months on, it is time to move from headline to plan: crypto inventory, crypto-agility, a realistic timeline, and the typical mistakes of teams jumping in now.
In August 2024, NIST published its first finalized post-quantum cryptography standards: FIPS 203 (ML-KEM) for key exchange, FIPS 204 (ML-DSA) for digital signatures, and FIPS 205 (SLH-DSA) as a hash-based alternative. They replace RSA and ECDSA before a quantum computer can break them, and hybrid implementations are already live in Chrome and Cloudflare.
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