Categories

Jacar categories — explore the topics A rocket whose eyes follow your cursor.
Artificial Intelligence

What Open GSD is, the Git-Ship-Done loop for coding agents

Open GSD (Git. Ship. Done.) is an open-source, MIT-licensed toolkit for steering coding agents without losing context: it splits work into five phases (discuss, plan, execute, verify and ship) and delegates the heavy lifting to subagents that each start with a clean context. Its core is the gsd-core engine and the gsd-pi terminal agent.

Artificial Intelligence

What is a vector embedding and what is it used for

A vector embedding is a list of real numbers that represents the semantic meaning of a piece of text, an image, or any other data. Two sentences with the same meaning produce vectors that are close together; two unrelated ones produce vectors that are far apart. Semantic search, RAG, and recommendation systems are all built on this principle.

Artificial Intelligence

DPO and alternatives to RLHF: practical state in 2026

Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) and its variants, IPO, KTO, and SimPO, have displaced RLHF as the preferred alignment method for language models: they drop the separate reward model, cut training cost, and are easier to reproduce. RLHF still has an edge only for frontier models with very large budgets.

Artificial Intelligence

Synthetic training data in 2026: when it works

Synthetic data has moved from a precarious substitute for real data to a central component of modern model training: the most reliable pattern expands a real core of 500 examples with thousands of synthetic paraphrases, provided you validate diversity, correctness, and distribution, and keep at least 30% real data to avoid model collapse.

Architecture

MCP as multi-vendor standard: patterns already mature

The Model Context Protocol, proposed by Anthropic in late 2024 and adopted through 2025-2026 by Anthropic, OpenAI, Google, and the open-source community, already has proven operational patterns: separating generic servers from custom ones, explicit per-tool policies, credentials kept outside the model, prefixed composition, and contract tests. This is the state of the art in 2026.

Artificial Intelligence

Mature LLM-as-judge: when to trust and when not

Using an LLM to judge another LLM became widespread in 2024 and remains, in 2026, the only scalable way to evaluate qualitative quality in LLM systems. It is reliable when judge-human correlation exceeds 0.7 on 30 cases and gets recalibrated quarterly; below that threshold, do not trust the number.

Architecture

Hybrid RAG in 2026: the patterns that keep winning

Hybrid RAG in 2026 combines dense and lexical search fused with RRF, cross-encoder reranking over the top-50 candidates, structure-aware chunking, and continuous evaluation with Ragas or TruLens. It is the pattern that survives in serious production systems three years after the initial embeddings boom.

Artificial Intelligence

Profitable niche AI startups: the patterns that repeat

While OpenAI and Anthropic dominate headlines with rounds worth hundreds of millions, a growing group of niche AI startups generates one to ten million dollars in revenue with teams of two to ten people. They share five patterns: narrow vertical focus, 70-80% margins, community distribution, iteration cycles in days, and AI as an internal lever.

Artificial Intelligence

AI agent incidents: recovery runbooks that work

AI agents fail in production, and what matters is how you respond in the first twenty minutes. This runbook covers severity classification, isolating before investigating, purging contaminated memory, communicating without inventing facts, and turning every incident into a regression test before closing it as done.

Artificial Intelligence

LLM red teaming: a practical playbook

LLM red teaming has gone from an esoteric activity to a mandatory practice. With the OWASP Agentic Top 10 and the CSA Agentic AI Red Teaming Guide converging on shared vocabulary, this is the operational playbook any team deploying agents needs to have.